There are two main types of diabetes – type 1 and type 2. In type 1 diabetes the pancreas is unable to generate enough insulin. This leads to an increase in the blood glucose level. Type 1 diabetes mellitus mainly affects children and young adults.
In type 2 diabetes, the body is unable to respond normally to the insulin that is made. This leads to increased blood sugar level.
Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the more common form of diabetes. People at risk of developing type 2 diabetes usually present with a family history. Diabetes mellitus is common in certain races like Asians, Hispanics, African Americans, American Indians and Caucasians. Obesity is also one of the major risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Symptoms of Diabetes
Some of the common symptoms of diabetes are increased thirst, frequent urination and extreme hunger. Diabetics also experience extreme fatigue and exhaustion. Other symptoms include unexplained weight loss, slow healing of wounds and increased tingling and numbness of feet.
Treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Oral anti-diabetic medications
Oral medications that include anti-diabetic tablets are prescribed. The main line of treatment in this case is to keep the blood glucose levels under control and to prevent any complications of diabetes.
Insulin injections
Diabetics are prescribed insulin injections only when their blood glucose levels are higher than normal even after taking anti-diabetic tablets, regular exercise and healthy eating habits.
Healthy eating habits along with regular exercise help in maintaining normal blood glucose level
A balanced and healthy diet is recommended for diabetics. They need to cut down on saturated fats. Dairy products like cheese, ice creams and fried foods are high in saturated fats and may lead to increase in the level of blood glucose. Small intake of unsaturated fats like olive oil, nuts and seeds is recommended as they have beneficiary effects on the heart and blood cholesterol. Diet should include fruits and vegetables as they are high in fiber. The fiber helps in making the person feel full and is rich in vitamins and minerals. A healthy diet helps in weight loss in obese people and increases energy and stamina. Weight management is very essential in the management of diabetes mellitus as obesity only worsens the symptoms.
Walking is the best exercise and it is recommended by the doctors in order to lose weight and stay healthy. Regular exercise also plays a key role in the management of diabetes.
Routine checkups with the doctor
Routine checkups with the doctor are necessary for early detection of any diabetic complications and their effective treatment. The checkups will also include regular monitoring of blood sugar level.
There is no cure for diabetes, but certain lifestyle changes and proper medication go a long way in the management of diabetes.
Gauri Aphale - Hi, my name is Gauri and I am thrilled to be writing here.I have completed my graduation in Health Sciences and earned the degree of ...
Join the Conversation